Bleach was one of the top Shonen series a decade ago, and the Thousand-Year Blood War Arc has reignited its popularity. Many anime fans like Bleach because it has a lot of action, and most of the action features Soul Reapers - who all wield a special katana called a Zanpakuto. Some Zanpakuto transform into other melee weapons, while others can affect people's senses and minds. There are also a small number of Zanpakuto with elemental powers.
Over the course of the series, fans have seen Zanpakuto that can manipulate fire, ice, water, wind, lightning, and earth. Some elemental Zanpakuto possess a Shikai and Bankai release that are both capable of manipulating their specific element, but in some cases, it is only the Shikai or Bankai that utilizes its element.
10 Daichimaru
Rusaburo Enkogawa is a filler character who serves as a bodyguard for one of Soul Society's Noble Houses. He chooses to communicate with sign language, but he only does this because he does not like the sound of his high-pitched voice. If he were mute, he would not be able to release his Zanpakuto.
When Daichimaru's Shikai is released, the blade transforms into a pair of black fists that are connected by a chain. These fists follow the movements of his hands. When Rusaburo punches the ground, a trail of rocks moves towards a designated target, and once they do, hand-shaped constructs rise from the ground. These constructs are designed to either protect or ensnare individuals.
9 Tobiume
Momo Hinamori has been the Lieutenant of the 5th Division since Bleach began, and she wields Tobiume - the first elemental Zanpakuto that appeared chronologically. When its Shikai is released, Tobiume becomes a double-edged blade. It also gains multiple prongs along the blade's length at set intervals.
Tobiume's ability is very simple, as it allows Momo to create and shoot fireballs. When these fireballs are released, they create a sound similar to a seagull's cry, and they explode once they make contact with their intended target.
8 Nejibana
Kaien Shiba was the Lieutenant of the 13th Division, but he was killed after an experiment Hollow fused with his body. That Hollow went on to become Aaroniero Arruruerie - the 9th Espada, and he was able to use Kaien's Zanpakuto as though it were his.
It is called Nejibana, and it turns into a trident when its Shikai is released. Nejibana is a water-type Zanpakuto that allows its user to manipulate water. Water constantly flows from the weapon, which is why opponents feel like they are being hit by crushing waves. Each slash or arc can generate large waves as well.
7 Tachikaze
Kensei Muguruma leads the 9th Division, and his Zanpaluto is called Tachikaze. When its Shikai is activated, Tachikaze transforms into a large hunting blade, and it has the ability to manipulate energy and wind. When the blade slashes at thin air, it generates multiple wind blades that cut through enemies. They also explode after making contact.
When its Bankai is activated, an explosion of wind surrounds Kensei, and his Zanpakuto transforms into a pair of bladed knuckles. These knuckles do not produce wind, but they do focus their explosive force into Kensei's fists.
6 Engetsu
Isshin is Ichigo's father, but he is also the former Captain of the 10th Division. During the Thousand-Year Blood War Arc, a flashback revealed that he fought a powerful Hollow that was created by Aizen. It was during this fight that he revealed his fire-type Zanpakuto.
Its name is Engetsu, and its Shikai generates a large amount of fire when he adds his blood and spit to the blade. His Bankai has not been revealed, but it apparently puts a great deal of strain on Isshin's body, to the point that it cannot be activated if Isshin is too injured.
5 Raika 
Shusuke Amagai is a filler character who became the Captain of the 3rd Division after Gin Ichimaru's defection. He wielded a fire-type Zanpakuto called Raika, and its Shikai created a hook blade with pipes on the hilt. The pipes produced flames which heated the blade. It allowed Amagai to shoot fireballs, and if the blade touched the ground, it could generate geysers of fire.
Its Bankai creates a large red blade with a hollow shield. It creates enhanced fireballs and geysers, but it also acts like a powerful flamethrower that can generate intense waves of fire.
4 Sode No Shirayuki
Rukia received a massive power-up during the Thousand-Year Blood War Arc. She now understands her Zanpakuto's true power, and she can use its Bankai. Sode no Shirayuki is an ice-type Zanpakuto that can use various dances/techniques to freeze enemies. Its real power allows Rukia to lower her body temperature below absolute zero.
A single cut from the lowest possible temperature can instantly freeze someone. Its Bankai activation transforms Rukia into a beautiful ice princess, and it creates a pillar of cold mist that blankets the area. The freezing cold that it produces freezes any enemy it comes in contact with, and they shatter within seconds. Anyone who tries touching Rukia in this form will begin to freeze too.
3 Gonryomaru
Chojiro Sasakibe served as Yamamoto's Lieutenant for centuries, but he could have become a Captain at any time because he had mastered Bankai. His Zanpakuto is called Gonryomaru, and its Shikai takes the form of a rapier that does not seem to have any elemental properties.
Its Bankai is called Koko Gonryo Rikyu, and it creates a thundercloud over Chojiro's head. The Zanpakuto fires a lightning bolt into the cloud and a dome of lighting then surrounds the user. The user can either shoot the lightning at their opponent or the lightning can be added to the blade to create a powerful lightning spear-type attack.
2 Hyorinmaru
Toshiro Hitsugaya may be one of Bleach's youngest Soul Reapers, but he is also one of the strongest. He wields Hyorinmaru - which is recognized as the strongest ice-type Zanpakuto within Soul Society. Hyorinmaru's Shikai allows him to create and manipulate ice, and its mere release affects the weather.
At its core, Hyorinmaru is a massive ice dragon, and when its Bankai is activated, Toshiro gains icey dragon wings, claws, and a tail. In this state, Toshiro can generate a lot more ice. In its complete form, Hyorinmaru allows Toshiro to flash-freeze opponents with a hand gesture, and the ice negates all of their movements and abilities.
1 Ryujin Jakka
Genryusai Yamamoto was the Captain Commander of the Gotei 13 for centuries because no one could match his immense strength. It also helped that he possessed Ryujin Jakka - the oldest and most powerful fire-type Zanpakuto within the Soul Society. Its Shikai produced intense flames that could incinerate just about anything with a single slash.
Its Bankai release is called Zanka no Tachi, and upon activation, all of Ryujin Jakka's flames are condensed into the edge of its blade. It protected Yamamoto with a heat shield that burned at roughly 15 million degrees. If this version of Ryujin Jakka were to simply tap someone, the condensed flames would wipe them from existence.